Myanmar
2022-12 Factsheet - Myanmar
Highlights
- The 1 February military takeover, coupled with the state of emergency and nationwide protests/demonstrations against the takeover, has resulted in the resurgence of violence that caused new displacement and additional needs, including emergency Shelter & NFIs, for conflict affected internally displaced people dwelling in camps, displacement sites and camp-like settings in Myanmar.
- Frequent and large-scale displacement is now being seen in new areas such as Chin, Sagaing, and Magway, as well as various states in the Southeast. Many newly displaced people are staying in informal sites in jungles and forested areas, without access to clean water or proper shelter and few livelihood opportunities. The rapid pace of new displacement results in a proliferation of informal sites without appropriate planning, sometimes in hard-to-reach areas.
- The operating environment has become more challenging in several respects: a volatile security situation and high tensions, new conflict dynamics and intensifying clashes, access constraints and the collapse or disruption of public services such a health care against the backdrop of an economic and banking crisis. In such a context, underfunding continues to remain a critical challenge for the Shelter/NFI/CCCM Cluster and its partners.
- Opportunities for durable solutions for IDPs including return, resettlement or local integration have been more limited in 2021.
- From a political crisis, undistinguishably linked with a socio-economic and health crisis, Myanmar is faced with a multi-dimensional humanitarian catastrophe. Considering the deteriorating situation across the country, the Cluster was extended nationwide in August 2021.
- Through the analysis for the 2022 HNO and 2022 HRP, the Cluster has identified 1.7M people in need and planned to reach 621K people.
- To address needs for 2022, the Cluster appealed for US $50M for Shelter/NFI/CCCM activities under the HRP. By mid-2022, only 7.4% of the Cluster's financial ask has been funded.
NFI
Shelter
Response
In 2022, the Shelter/NFI/CCCM Cluster reached 516,185 persons which represents 83% of the target population set in 2022. In accordance with the first cluster objective, it was possible to assist IDPs and other conflict and disaster affected people with emergency, temporary shelter, or semi-permanent shelter support, and/or NFI provision to enhance their protection, dignity, security, and privacy, in that line; over 365,368 persons received NFI kits. However, it should be noted that those NFI kits did not meet the standards due to the need to address people’s needs with few funding. In line to the second Cluster objective, 94% of the population in need were targeted and only 47% of them was covered through CCCM activities in camps/ camp like settings. Alongside, the target related to capacity building was exceeded in 66% as a result a pool of national CCCM trainers was established in Myanmar based on sustainability, national ownership and localization. In relation to the third Cluster objective Finally, the Cluster members could assist returnees/resettled, non-displaced stateless people with emergency, temporary shelter, or semi-permanent shelter support and NFI provision
In 2022, a massive internal displacement was on the rise in Myanmar due to conflict, leading to an important increase in terms of needs of Shelter/NFI/CCCM assistance. There was a growing concern about incidents such as destruction of homes (reports of villages burned to the ground, shelling damaging houses, etc.) or the dire conditions of spontaneous and unplanned settlements.
Gaps / challenges
By 2022, the Cluster encountered different types of challenges. Among them; the funding gap, inflation, humanitarian access, safety, and security of people of concern and humanitarian workers that continued to be a serious challenge. Conflict and continued displacement, protection risks, needs and gaps exceed resources. The restriction by de facto authority has also impended humanitarian delivery. In Northern Rakhine, over years, shelter intervention had not been allowed in comparison to NFI, however in recent months NFI support to the people in need has also faced similar limitation due to delayed approval to access field sites and restriction of movements. Partners have remained with stock of shelter and NFI materials in storage. The increased economic inflation (40%-45%), unaffordable basic items, and the lack of stock in the market makes challenging procurement of humanitarian supplies. Linked to this, the impact of transporting S/NFI materials is also a challenge. Economic instability and limited livelihoods are reducing household purchasing power, creating greater economic barriers to access to services, and forcing communities to resort to negative coping mechanisms. Finally, a remaining challenge is related to self-settled, unplanned IDP sites, which are the least visible and most underserved. This type of settlement will gather the most vulnerable IDP population group at an even higher risk of exclusion from access to basic services in consequence high risk of protection incidents.
