Ethiopia
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Overview
Ethiopia continues to face significant displacement challenges, primarily driven by conflict, drought, and social tension. Conflict remains the primary cause of internal displacement (72%), creating urgent needs for shelter and essential household items. The situation is exacerbated by protracted IDPs, living without durable solutions, leading to challenges in overcrowded sites and inadequate services. The humanitarian conditions for both IDPs and returning IDPs are poor, necessitating commitment to dignified, sustainable, and principled responses despite funding challenges.
Prolonged drought in the southeast of the country the spread to northern Ethiopia and continued economic stresses is forcing people to be displaced and moving to already crowded collective centers.
In Tigray region, the agreement led to significant improvements in humanitarian access, availability, and provision of services. However, despite these improvements, humanitarian needs remain very high, with hundreds of thousands still displaced and living in sub-standard situation. Despite the Cluster's efforts to find alternative shelter solutions for thousands of IDPs living in collective centers, especially schools, many have not been relocated. Furthermore, due to the short-term nature of Cash for rent shelter solutions, some IDPs are also facing evictions from rented shelters within host communities. In the past year, more than 1.5M IDPs in Tigray have returned to their places of origin through spontaneous or organized return exercises, but this doesn't mean that humanitarian aid ceased for these returnees. Most still face critical needs for shelter repair kits and NFIs.
Since the conflicts erupted in the Amhara region, even though there have been no reports of conflict-related displacement due to the fluidity of the access situation, the humanitarian responses, particularly for those already displaced or returned communities, have been impacted, drought-related displacements are reported in the North Gondor and Wagehemra zones.
For 2024 an estimated US 127.9 million (displacement-affected population) and US 22.2 million (Returning Migrants) will be required to reach 3.1 million (displacement-affected population) and 162,950 (Returning Migrants) across regions. The Cluster will continue its progressive shift and support towards more shelter activities, i.e., provision of Shelter to IDPs and shelter repairs as a first-line response to the returnees, aiming to address underlying driver of needs where 29% of the IDPs are either living in shelters that do no protect from weather elements or in an open space and 31% of the return reported living in inadequate living conditions (either completely or partially destroyed shelters). Recognizing that a shelter cannot be home without the protection of rights and the security of tenure, the Cluster will work closely with the Protection Cluster to address Housing, Land, and Property (HLP) issues.